Glossary of Bioplastics: Understanding Key Terms

The world of bioplastics is evolving rapidly and can sometimes seem complex. Here is a glossary of key terms to better understand this sector and its challenges.

1. Bioplastic

A plastic material that is partially or entirely made from renewable sources (plants, algae, bacteria...) and may or may not be biodegradable.

2. Bio-based

A material that is partially or fully derived from renewable raw materials (such as corn starch, sugarcane, or avocado seeds).

3. Biodegradable

The ability of a material to decompose under the action of microorganisms into natural elements (water, carbon dioxide, biomass) within a reasonable time frame.

4. Compostable

A material that can be decomposed under specific composting conditions (industrial or home composting) without leaving toxic residues.

5. PLA (Polylactic Acid)

A bioplastic made from corn starch or sugarcane, used for packaging, cutlery, and food films.

6. PHA (Polyhydroxyalkanoates)

A bioplastic produced by bacterial fermentation, fully biodegradable and used for medical applications and packaging.

7. Oxo-degradable

A plastic containing additives that accelerate its fragmentation into small pieces under light or heat exposure but do not ensure complete biodegradability.

8. Certification "OK Compost" and "Home Compost"

Labels indicating that a product is compostable in an industrial setting (OK Compost) or home composting (Home Compost) according to specific standards.

9. Circular Economy

An economic model aimed at reducing resource waste by promoting recycling and the use of renewable materials.

10. Carbon Footprint

The amount of greenhouse gases emitted during the production, use, and end-of-life of a material. Bioplastics can have a lower carbon footprint compared to conventional plastics.